Responsibility Engineering to End the “Unauditability” of Energy Control: ADIC Across MPC, DERMS, and GFMI

In today's rapidly evolving energy systems, characterized by aggressive decarbonization and decentralization, the performance of control technologies has reached unprecedented heights. Yet, beneath this technical triumph lies a critical structural flaw: while performance has surged, auditability has collapsed.

We are witnessing a systemic crisis we define as "Unauditability."

• The Definition of Unauditability: A state where, following an incident, logs can track what happened, but the "basis of the decision"—the specific logic or parameter set that justified an action at that exact microsecond—remains mathematically unanchored.

• The Resulting Damage: Explanations among stakeholders diverge, causing responsibility to enter a state of "Ghost Drift." Consequently, the costs associated with recovery, regulatory compliance, insurance, and litigation multiply exponentially as intent becomes untraceable.

To resolve this, we present a paradigm shift through ADIC (Accountable Deterministic Information Closure). By structurally fixing the basis of control (ID sets) in advance and generating tamper-evident linked records for every event, ADIC transforms energy control into true "Responsibility Engineering" capable of sustaining social trust.

1. The "Brain" of Control: The Optimality Trap in MPC

Model Predictive Control (MPC) is the ultimate engine for real-time multi-objective optimization. However, its greatest strength—its "flexible adjustability"—is precisely what becomes its fatal flaw during an audit.

• The Vulnerability: Dynamic adjustments to weights ($Q, R$), relaxations via soft constraints (slack variables), and continuous model updates. Because these fluctuate during operation, they permit post-hoc rationalization, allowing operators to claim "safety was the priority at the time" long after the incident occurred.

• The ADIC Solution: Without compromising the optimization process, ADIC seals the parameter sets and constraint conditions active at each moment as immutable IDs. By converting "adjustable" parameters into "verifiable fixed points," it anchors the evidentiary basis of optimality.

👉 In-depth Analysis: Why MPC “Adjustability” is Fatal in Audits: Weights, Slack, and Model Updates

2. The "Nervous System" of Control: The Void of Boundaries in DERMS

DERMS/EMS, which aggregate distributed energy resources, are complex environments where hierarchical control and human intervention intersect. In these systems, as "integration" progresses, "responsibility" evaporates.

• The Vulnerability: Collisions between upper-level commands and local protection, emergency manual overrides, and log inconsistencies across multi-vendor environments. These factors blur the "final decision authority," allowing accountability to drift between layers of the system.

• The ADIC Solution: ADIC does not interfere with control logic; instead, it structurally closes the "boundaries" of decision-making. By recording which Authority ID acted upon which S_core rule in a tamper-evident chain, it achieves "Decision Authority Closure."

👉 In-depth Analysis: DERMS Integrates Control, Not Accountability: The Void Created by Hierarchical Structures and Manual Interventions

3. The "Behavior" of Control: Interpretative Drift in GFMI

Grid-Forming Inverters (GFMI), the final bastion of physical grid stability, face a wall of unauditability due to the sheer diversity of their implementations.

• The Vulnerability: "Homonymous but Heterogeneous" implementations (different discretization, limiters, or priorities) for the same control name across manufacturers, combined with instantaneous mode switching. Waveform data alone cannot prove why a specific behavior was selected, leading to fatal interpretative drift.

• The ADIC Solution: By pre-fixing implementation profiles and switching conditions (Pre-fixation), ADIC ensures that any post-hoc substitution is detected through verification. This links the "facts" of physical waveforms to a definitive, immutable "basis of decision."

👉 In-depth Analysis: Grid-Forming Can Stabilize the Grid, But Not the Audit: How Implementation Gaps and Mode Switching Lead to "Interpretative Drift"

Conclusion: Implementing "Responsibility Engineering" with ADIC

The common thread across these domains is a structural flaw: Performance is high, but the basis of decision lacks "Post-hoc Impossibility."

ADIC (Accountable Deterministic Information Closure) does not reject superior control technologies. Instead, it serves as the framework to elevate control engineering into true "Responsibility Engineering" by providing the final piece of the puzzle: "Verification-ready Sealing."

Moving forward, we will sequentially present the minimum set required for adoption—including ID design, Ledger, and Verify procedures—alongside ADIC implementation specifications derived from modern audit requirements.

Mathematical Closure redefines the contract between technology and society.

Mathematical Countermeasures Headquarters, Crisis Management Investment © 2025 Ghost Drift Research / Crisis Management Investment, Mathematical Countermeasures Headquarters